Madrigals Magic Key to Spanish (86 page)

C

1	2
Hemos vendido ( We have sold )	la casa
Han estudiado ( They have studied )	español
Hemos viaj do	mucho
Han vivido	en Venezuela
Hemos ofendido	a Carlos
Han estado ( They have been )	ocupados
Hemos tomado ( We have had )	la cena
Han visto	la comedia
Hemos terminado	el trabajo
Han viajado	mucho

Translate the following sentences into Spanish. Write out each sentence in Spanish, using the columns above as a guide. Check your sentences with the correct translations below this exercise.

1. I have studied the lesson.
   
2. I have finished the composition.
   
3. I have traveled a lot (much).
   
4. I have worked in the office.
   
5. I have answered the phone.
   
6. I have written the letter.
   
7. I have seen Robert.
   
8. I have sent the cable.
   
9. I have fished in Cuba.
   
10. I have lived in Guatemala.
    
11. I have sold the house.
    
12. Have you deposited the money?
    
13. Have you studied Spanish?
    
14. Have you sent the cable?
    
15. Have you worked today?
    
16. Have you seen Robert lately?
    
17. Have you read the book?
    
18. We have sold the house.
    
19. We have traveled a lot (much).
    
20. We have had dinner.
    
21. We have finished the work.
    
22. They have studied Spanish.
    
23. They have been busy.
    
24. They have been in Venezuela.
    

Check your sentences with the translations below.

1. He estudiado la lección.
   
2. He terminado la composición.
   
3. He viajado mucho.
   
4. He trabajado en el despacho.
   
5. He contestado el teléfono.
   
6. He escrito la carta.
   
7. He visto a Roberto.
   
8. He mandado el cable.
   
9. He pescado en Cuba.
   
10. He vivido en Guatemala.
    
11. He vendido la casa.
    
12. ¿Ha depositado el dinero?
    
13. ¿Ha estudiado español?
    
14. ¿Ha mandado el cable?
    
15. ¿Ha trabajado hoy?
    
16. ¿Ha visto a Roberto últimamente?
    
17. ¿Ha leído el libro?
    
18. Hemos vendido la casa.
    
19. Hemos viajado mucho.
    
20. Hemos tornado la cena.
    
21. Hemos terminado el trabajo.
    
22. Han estudiado español.
    
23. Han estado ocupados.
    
24. Han estado en Venezuela.
    

The past participle is
used as an adjective in Spanish.

When the past participle is used as an adjective it has the masculine, feminine, singular, and plural endings as adjectives do.

Adjectives must agree with nouns in gender and number.

“He estado” is used with the present participle in the following manner:

Don’t forget that “ing” equals “ando” (for “ar” verbs), “iendo” (for “er” and “ir” verbs).

Todavía no he terminado.
I haven’t finished yet.

	AR VERBS
He    ( I have )	trabajado mucho estudiado español terminado el trabajo
¿Ha    ( Have you? )	contestado la carta
	ER AND IR VERBS
Hemos    ( We have )	vivido en Cuba recibido la carta
Han    ( They have )	vendido la casa  (Irr.) visto ( seen ) a Luis  (Irr.) escrito un libro

Copy the above material onto a card. Carry the card with you and glance at it whenever you get a chance.

la bicicleta

here are some verbs in Spanish that are regular when you pronounce them but that have irregularities in spelling when you write them. The only purpose of the irregularities in spelling is to keep the verbs regular in their pronunciation.