The Noonday Demon (111 page)

Christiansen, RenÇ Birger,
213

Christie, Deborah,
185
,
186
,
188
–89,
429

chromium,
138

Chrysippus of Cnidus,
288

Chua-Eoan, Howard,
461

Chung, Joyce,
348
–49,
352
–53

Churchill, Winston,
367

cigarettes,
218
,
225
,
230

cingulotomy,
164
–65,
441

Cioran, E. M.,
273

citalopram (Celexa; Cipromil),
13
,
114
,
118
,
157
,
191
,
192
,
333
,
445

Civil Aeromedical Institute (CAMI),
491

classification,
319
,
331

Clayton, Anita,
115
,
116
,
117

clean drugs,
118

Clinton, Bill,
374
,
376
,
377

clonidine,
161

Clozaril,
422
,
423

club drugs,
232

cocaine:

controlled use of,
238

crack,
223
,
230

crash after high of,
230

depressives as chronic abusers of,
218

dopamine system affected by,
217
,
231
,
469

ecstasy vs.,
233

fetal neurological damage from,
254

as illegal substance,
224
,
236

impact of, on anxiety vs. depression,
221

physical damage from long-term use of,
231
,
346

tricyclic antidepressants and,
222

unregulated quality of,
238

withdrawal from,
222
,
230

Cogentin,
422

cognition,
107
,
413
–15,
416

cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT),
107
–9

alcoholic depression treated with,
228
–29

brain metabolism affected by,
111

as learned optimism,
107

medication combined with,
104

negative thinking controlled in,
107
–9,
351

Coleridge, Samuel Taylor,
312

collectivity,
404

Colt, George Howe,
243
,
470

Columbia University, CBT-based alcoholism relapse prevention at,
228
–29

commitments, capacity to make,
413

Community Health Services Block Grant,
376

community mental health clinics,
377
–78,
384
,
391
,
392
–93,
494

competition,
405

Comprehensive Textbook of Psychiatry,
21

concentration camp survivors:

CBT principle as strategy of,
109

suicide of,
281
–82

conduct disorder,
182
,
186
,
202
,
460

confession, religious,
131

Congress, U.S.:

“Decade of the Brain” declared by,
369

family mental illness concerns of,
376
–77,
382
–84

on health services for indigent,
375
–78

insurance parity legislation in,
369
,
371
–74

Republican leadership in,
376

see also
specific legislators

consciousness:

mechanistic model of,
306

suicidality and,
245
,
254
,
256
–57

see also
self-consciousness

corporate marketplace, medications promoted in,
394
–97

cortical functions,
48

hypothalamic function and,
448

see also
brain function

corticotropin releasing factor (CRF),
57
,
59
,
231

cortisol levels:

circadian patterns in,
56
,
58

long-term effects of protracted increase of,
58
–60

maternal separation and,
113
,
452

right-brain activation vs.,
418

serotonin levels vs.,
57
,
59

Cosgrove, Reese,
164

cowardice,
179

Cowper, William,
309
,
310
–11

crack addiction,
223
,
230

Crack-Up, The
(Fitzgerald),
144

CRF (corticotropin releasing factor),
57
,
59
,
231

Crohn’s disease,
344

Crow, Timothy,
415
–16,
417
,
418
–19,
496
–97

Cullen, William,
483

Cumaean Sibyl (mythical character),
270
–71

Cutbush, Edward,
483

cutting (self-mutilation),
71
,
151
–52,
421
,
422
–24,
427

cyproheptadine,
116

Dakar, Senegal, mental health facilities in,
165
–66

D’Amato, Brian,
115

Daniel, Book of,
292

Daniel Deronda
(Eliot),
437
–38

Danquah, Meri,
195
–96,
445

Danziger, Sandra,
488

darkness, depression metaphors of,
287
,
298
–99,
310

Darwinian Psychiatry
(McGuire and Troisi),
401
–2

date-rape drug (roofies),
234

Davidson, Richard J.,
416
–19

Day for Night: Recognizing Teenage Depression,
461

death penalty,
442

debridement,
422

Deffand, Marquise du,
311

deinstitutionalization,
380
,
392

delirium tremens,
228

delta sleep,
65

delusions,
291
,
297
,
303
,
304
–6,
319
,
327
,
421

dementia, elderly,
190
–91,
192
–93

Demerol,
231

demographic factors,
see
populations

demoralization, long-term,
351

dental health, psychiatric medication effects on,
421
–22

Depakote,
83
,
93
,
121
,
161

De praestigiis daemonum
(Wier),
297

depressants, opiates as,
232

depression:

acceleration of recurrences of,
56
–57,
60
,
449

addictive weakness enabled by,
242

agitated,
48
,
123
,
220
,
229
,
290

alternative therapies for,
135
–72

anaclitic,
183

animal studies on,
113
–14,
348

anxiety in conjunction with,
65
–66,
229
,
239
–40,
323
–24,
405

atypical,
48
,
114

author’s experience of,
18
–19,
29
–30,
39
–55,
60
–62,
63
–73,
77
–80,
81
,
83
–92,
98
–99

beneficial self-assessments triggered by,
410

biochemical aspects of,
20
–22;
see also
brain chemistry; neurotransmitters

body temperature and,
56
,
113
,
452

breakdowns and,
17
,
39
–99

celebrity openness about,
365

cholesterol levels and,
138

circadian rhythms in,
54
,
60
,
145

compound risk factors for,
182
–83

continual struggles against,
61
–62,
440
–41

diagnosis of,
19
–20,
27
,
335
–36,
447
,
461

disease model of,
397
–400

diversity of,
302

economic costs of,
371

emergence process after,
61
,
64
,
66
–67,
434
–35

endogenous vs. reactive,
62
–63,
330
,
450

evolutionary views of,
401
–20

fatalities caused by,
25
,
37
,
447
;
see also
suicide

gender roles and,
175
,
458

genetic predisposition to,
48
,
56
,
65
,
230
,
327
,
450

genius associated with,
285
,
288
–89,
299
,
300
–301,
316

grief vs.,
16
,
79
,
124
,
299
,
323
,
324
,
412
,
435

health insurance coverage of,
361
,
369
–75,
376
,
377

historical attitudes on,
285
–334,
479
,
480
,
481
,
482
,
483
,
484
–85

homosexuality and,
202
–8,
463

hospital treatment of,
75
,
120
,
165
–66,
190
,
309
,
317
–21,
370
–71,
378
–82,
385
–89,
391
,
392
–93,
423
,
424
,
425
,
427
–28

increases in rates of,
31
–32

independence of suicidality from,
243
–44,
249
,
470

male/female ratios of,
173
,
175
,
177
–78,
180
,
457

manic-depressive disorder and,
25
,
48
,
92
–98,
106
,
118
,
125
–29,
148
,
248
,
252
,
255
,
319
,
373
,
394

as medical concern,
362

and “melancholy,”
445

metaphoric descriptions of,
18
–19,
27
–29

mild vs. major,
16
–19,
20
,
399
,
445

modern-day stresses and,
406
–9

moral profundity developed from,
38
,
438
–43

multiple physiological systems at root of,
397

onset of,
77
–78,
90
,
95
,
187
–88,
458
,
461

parental,
82
–83,
180
–83,
337
,
338
,
342
,
345
–47,
349
–52,
356
–359,
383

personal character within,
428
–34,
441
–42

political issues connected with,
201
,
361
–400,
408
–9

postpartum experiences of,
138
,
174
,
457

poverty and,
37
–38,
335
–60,
376
–78,
488